Short Report: Lac Operon.
The lac operon is a set of structural genes that consists of one regulatory gene, Lac I, and three structural genes: Lac Z, Lac Y and Lac A [1,2]. Lac I codes for the repressor protein of the lac operon. Lac Z codes for b-galactosidase, which hydrolyze lactose into glucose and galatose [1,2]. Lac Y codes for permease, which increases permeability of the cell to b-galactosides [1,2]. Lac A codes for transacetylase, which detoxifies certain byproducts of lactose metabolism [1,2]. In addition, there is a Promoter region, the binding site for RNA polymerase, and an Operator region, the binding site for repressor protein.
In the present of lactose, it binds to the repressor protein and induces a conformational change that prevents the repressor protein from binding to the Operator. As a result, RNA polymerase is able to proceed, and encodes Lac Z, Lac Y and Lac A into β-galactosidase, permease, and transacetylase, respectively, Figure 1 [3].......
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