I. Industry
During the last fifty years or so, computers have become the complex electronic machines that we know today. Many people use these every day, and most don't realize how much they affect their daily life. During the early 20th century, before World War II, a need for calculating machines arose from the military. These first machines were usually designed to do one task each, so they were not designed for general use, but for specific use.
The punched-card machine was more popular than digital computers during this time period. Punched-card machines processed data from paper cards with holes punched in them. The main supplier of these machines and cards was the IBM Company. As late as 1960 IBM was still primarily a punched-card machine supplier. It was not until 1962 that computer sales equaled those of its traditional punched-card products.
The history of computers changed dramatically with the invention of the integrated circuit in 1958. Jack Kilby & Robert Noyce......
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