Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites
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The text in italics is NOT based on the Diagnostics and Statistics Manual, Fourth Edition (1994).
the text in italics IS based on "Malignant Self Love - Narcissism Revisited" (1999)
An all-pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behaviour), need for admiration or adulation and lack of empathy, usually beginning by early adulthood and present in various contexts. Five (or more) of the following criteria must be met:
(1) Feels grandiose and self-importance (e.g., exaggerates achievements and talents to the point of lying, demands to be recognized as superior without commensurate achievements)
(2) Is obsessed with fantasies of unlimited success, fame, fearsome power or omnipotence, unequalled brilliance (the cerebral......
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