From the 1980s to 1990s, “there was a significant change occurred in the economic power in supply chains with the trend toward retail consolidation and the emergence of giant retailers” (Coyle et al 2003). In other words, this shift gave large retailers more power and was able to make manufacturers change their supply chain strategies. In China, only till to mid 1990s, this trend in the retail industry started; especially in 1998, there were more than 1,000 chain-store companies including 21,000 outlets in China with the total sales increase up to 70% compared with the sales in 1997 (Infomat 2006). Looking at the specific convenience-store industry in China, in 1999, due to the consolidation, the growth rate of convenience stores reached the peak of 25.38% during the time from the 1980s to 1990s (Ho 2003). It was claimed that this sector would experience further consolidation; one example is that only in one month, July 2003, FamilyMart said that it was acquiring 43 convenience......
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