Conceptual Framework
The term synoptic is applied to those gospels which appear to have been created from the same traditional sources: Mark, Matthew and Luke. The interconnection of the "Synoptics" is not, however, simply one of close resemblance, it is also one of striking difference. When compared attentively, the three records appear distinct as well as similar in incidents, plan, and language. The harmony and the variety, the resemblance's and the differences in their portrayal of Jesus, must be both accounted for. They form together a literary problem that is commonly referred to as the Synoptic Problem.
Introduction
The Synoptics is the name given since Griesbach's time (about 1790) to the first three canonical Gospels. It is derived from the fact that these Gospels admit -- differently from the evangelical narrative of St. John, of being arranged and harmonized section by section, so as to allow the eye to realize at a glance (synopsis) the numerous passages......
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