Utilitarianism
In general, the philosophical idea of utilitarianism refers to the idea that choices or decisions should be based on maximizing positive consequences, that is produce the most good for the most people given equal consideration all involved. Utilitarian theory does not focus on the well-being of an individual, but maximizes the well-being of society as a whole. This ethical philosophy best describes the morality (goodness) of actions in terms of how effectively the actions consequences maximize utility. Utility is the interests or good of all people affected by the action.
Consequentialism: There are two major views of how consequences matter, Act Utilitarianism and Rule Utilitarianism. Act Utilitarianism, the original and most common position, holds that the rightness of any action depends on the consequences of that specific action. Rule Utilitarianism holds that the rightness of any action depends on whether or not that action follows a universal rule......
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