Petroleum (or crude oil), is also known as "black gold" (due to its constant want in the world), and it's a thick, dark brown or greenish liquid that can be found in the upper strata of some areas of the Earth's crust. Being a mixture of several hydrocarbons, it's used mostly, by volume, for producing fuel oil and gasoline (petrol), both important sources of what's been called "primary energy", and for producing many chemical products, including solvents, fertilizers, pesticides, and plastics. (The 88% of all petroleum extracted is processed as fuel; the other 12% is converted into other materials such as plastic). Since petroleum is a non-renewable resource, many people are worried about the consequences of its depletion.
How does it form?
Two theories have come up in order to explain its origin: the Biogenic and the Abiogenic.
a) Biogenic theory:
According to this theory, crude oil (which is generally viewed as the product of compression and heating of ancient organic......
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