Punishment was referred to in the eightieth century as the direct infliction of pain as a way of making the offender suffer for his crimes and also a a form of discouraging others. In more recent or modern societies however, the concept of punishment has gradually changed. Both Durkheim followers and Marxists have provided the analysis of punishment in modern society, and as a results many comparisons and contrasts can be drawn from these two schools of thought.
As both schools of thought are structural theories, they both see punishment as largely imposed. Both theories suggest that in the punishment process, the role of the individual is largely ignored e.g. in schools students can formulate the rules and punishment for their classrooms and abide by it.
The Durkheimian view sees punishment as part of the collective conscience which ultimately helps maintain solidarity and social order. Punishment is seen as an integral part of society which enables individuals to conform to the......
Join Now or Login to view the rest of this paper.
Approximate Word Count: 950
Approximate Pages: 4 (260 words per double-spaced page) |